O’Reilly members experience books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers. Get Analog Integrated Circuit Design, 2nd Edition now with the O’Reilly learning platform. 7.1 A large mixed analog–digital integrated circuit emphasizing the role of biasing, references, and regulators. 7.1 shows how these circuits may work together to support the analog circuits on a large mixed analog–digital chip.įig. Finally, a regulator circuit improves the quality of a dc voltage or current, usually decreasing the noise. The following are five examples of transistor Base bias configurations from a single supply ( Vcc ). A reference circuit generates a voltage and/or current of a known fixed absolute value (for example, one volt). Transistor biasing can be achieved either by using a single feed back resistor or by using a simple voltage divider network to provide the required biasing voltage. A bias circuit generates the dc voltages required to keep transistors near some desired operating point of course, as transistor parameters change, either from chip to chip or with changes in temperature, so must the bias voltages. These include bias circuits, reference circuits, and regulators. In an analog integrated circuit, many subcircuits work together to generate all of the various dc voltages and currents. The voltage-divider bias is more stable than other types. Voltage splitting bias circuits are the most commonly used type of bias circuit. The emitter diode’s forward bias is caused by the voltage value of the RB2 resistor that is parallel to it. They are, themselves, sophisticated analog circuits usually employing feedback. The configuration below is the most commonly used method for biasing transistor voltage dividers. This chapter covers the design of circuits used to establish those dc voltages or currents. Although often ignored during the course of first-pass analog design, a critical factor in determining a circuit’s overall performance is the quality of the dc voltage and current sources.
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